A. Lake Kinneret: an old lake.- B. Lake Kinneret: a new role.- one: General background.- I Geography.- II Geology.- A. The general frame.- B. Stratigraphy of the lake area by H. Michelson.- C. Tectonics.- 1. The paleogeography of the Kinneret area based on the concept of tensional Rift Valley by H. Michelson.- 2. The concept of a sinistral megashear by R. Freund.- 3. Conclusion.- D. The quaternary evolution of the Jordan Valley by A. Horowitz.- III Meteorology.- A. History by G. Stanhill & J. Neumann.- B. The general meteorological background by J. Neumann & G. Stanhill.- C. Data concerning meteorological parameters measured on the lake or on the lake shores (solar radiation, air temperature, vapour pressure, barometric pressure and winds) by S. Serruya.- D. Precipitation by S. Rubin.- IV Hydrology.- A. The watershed by F. Mero.- B. The superficial waters by F. Mero.- C. The thermo-mineral springs by F. Mero.- D. The water balance by F. Mero.- V Mineral waters of the Kinneret basin and possible origin.- A. General features.- B. Chemical composition.- C. Comparison between Kinneret mineral waters and mineral waters in other sections of the Jordan-Dead Sea and the Suez Rift Valleys.- D. Origin of saline waters and mechanism of their upward movement.- E. Conclusions.- two: The Lacustrine environment.- I General background.- A. Names of the Lake.- B. Location.- C. Morphometric characteristics.- D. Bathymetry.- E. Shores.- F. Deltas of rivers.- G. Water levels.- H. Man-made modifications in the lake vicinity.- II Physical environment.- A. Light penetration by T. Berman.- B. Water temperature by S. Serruya.- C. Water motions by S. Serruya.- D. Energy balance and evaporation by G. Stanhill & J. Neumann.- III The Chemical environment.- A. History.- B. Water chemistry by C. Serruya.- C. Sediment chemistry by C. Serruya.- three: The Planktic community.- I Phytoplankton.- A. The algal population.- 1. The algae of River Jordan by U. Pollingher.- 2. The phytoplankton of Lake Kinneret by U. Pollingher.- 3. The annual pattern of algal succession by U. Pollingher.- 4. Biomass and chlorophyll by U. Pollingher & T. Berman.- 5. Productivity and efficiency of light utilization by T. Berman.- B. Peridinium cinctum fa westii (Lemm.) Lef..- 1. Morphology and systematics by U. Pollingher.- 2. General biochemical features by T. Berman.- 3. Life cycle by U. Pollingher.- 4. Growth characteristics by W. Rodhe.- 5. Growth pattern in the lake by U. Pollingher & C. Serruya.- 6. Spatial distribution of Peridinium by T. Berman.- II Zooplankton.- A. History.- B. The Zooplankton population.- 1. The Zooplankton of Lake Kinneret.- 2. The Zooplankton of River Jordan.- 3. Biomass of Zooplankton in the lake.- C. Mesocyclops leuckarti (Claus).- 1. General data.- 2. Feeding habits.- 3. Metabolic rates.- 4. Development rates.- 5. Seasonal fluctuations of the various stages of Mesocyclops leuckarti in Lake Kinneret.- 6. Productivity and P: B ratio.- D. Ceriodaphnia reticulata (Jurine).- 1. General data.- 2. Feeding habits.- 3. Metabolic rates and body size.- III Bacteria.- A. Bacteria of the nitrogen cycle.- B. Photosynthetic sulfur bacteria.- four: The benthic community.- History.- I The benthic algae.- II The benthic faun.- A. Protozoa.- B. Porifera.- C. Coelenterata.- D. Turbellaria.- E. Trematoda.- F. Nemertea.- G. Nematoda.- H. Bryozoa.- I. Oligochaeta.- J. Hirudinea.- K. Crustacea.- 1. Cladocera.- 2. Copepoda.- 3. Ostracoda.- 4. Amphipoda.- 5. Isopoda.- 6. Decapoda.- L. Typhlocaris galilea by M. Tsurnamal.- M. Insects.- 1. General by J. Kugler.- 2. Chironomidae and Trichoptera by J. Kugler.- 3. Mosquitoes by C. Serruya.- N. Hydracarina by C. Serruya.- O. Mollusca by C. Serruya.- III Vertical distribution of benthic fauna.- IV Biomass of benthic organisms.- five: Vertebrata.- I Fishes.- II Amphibians.- III Reptiles.- IV Birds.- V Mammals.- VI Man.- VII The origin of the Kinneret fauna.- six: History of research, present and future developments.- History of research.- Kinneret Limnological Laboratory.- The Kinneret Authority.- Taxonomic index.- General index.