Aerosol Measurement – Principles, Techniques and Applications 3e

PREFACE xi
<p>CONTRIBUTORS xiii</p>
<p>PART I PRINCIPLES</p>
<p>1 Introduction to Aerosol Characterization 3<br /> Pramod Kulkarni, Paul A. Baron, and Klaus Willeke</p>
<p>2 Fundamentals of Single Particle Transport 15<br /> Pramod Kulkarni, Paul A. Baron, and Klaus Willeke</p>
<p>3 Physical and Chemical Processes in Aerosol Systems 31<br /> William C. Hinds</p>
<p>4 Size Distribution Characteristics of Aerosols 41<br /> Walter John</p>
<p>5 An Approach to Performing Aerosol Measurements 55<br /> Pramod Kulkarni and Paul A. Baron</p>
<p>PART II TECHNIQUES</p>
<p>6 Aerosol Transport in Sampling Lines and Inlets 69<br /> John E. Brockmann</p>
<p>7 Sampling and Analysis Using Filters 107<br /> Peter C. Raynor, David Leith, K. W. Lee, and R. Mukund</p>
<p>8 Sampling and Measurement Using Inertial, Gravitational, Centrifugal, and Thermal Techniques 129<br /> Virgil A. Marple and Bernard A. Olson</p>
<p>9 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Atmospheric Aerosols 153<br /> Paul A. Solomon, Matthew P. Fraser, and Pierre Herckes</p>
<p>10 Microscopy and Microanalysis of Individual Collected Particles 179<br /> Robert A. Fletcher, Nicholas W. M. Ritchie, Ian M. Anderson, and John A. Small</p>
<p>11 Real–Time Particle Analysis by Mass Spectrometry 233<br /> Anthony S. Wexler and Murray V. Johnston</p>
<p>12 Semi–Continuous Mass Measurement 255<br /> Ernest Weingartner, Heinz Burtscher, Christoph H&uuml;glin, and Kensei Ehara</p>
<p>13 Optical Measurement Techniques: Fundamentals and Applications 269<br /> Christopher M. Sorensen, Josef Gebhart, Timothy J. O Hern, and Daniel J. Rader</p>
<p>14 Real–Time Techniques for Aerodynamic Size Measurement 313<br /> Paul A. Baron, Malay K. Mazumder, Yung–Sung Cheng, and Thomas M. Peters</p>
<p>15 Electrical Mobility Methods for Submicrometer Particle Characterization 339<br /> Richard C. Flagan</p>
<p>16 Instruments and Samplers Based on Diffusional Separation 365<br /> Yung–Sung Cheng</p>
<p>17 Condensation Particle Counters 381<br /> Yung–Sung Cheng</p>
<p>18 Instruments Based on Electrical Detection of Aerosols 393<br /> Suresh Dhaniyala, Martin Fierz, Jorma Keskinen, and Marko Marjam&auml;ki</p>
<p>19 Electrodynamic Levitation of Particles 417<br /> E. James Davis</p>
<p>20 Fundamentals of Cone–Jet Electrospray 435<br /> Alessandro Gomez and Weiwei Deng</p>
<p>21 Calibration of Aerosol Instruments 449<br /> Bean T. Chen, Robert A. Fletcher, and Yung–Sung Cheng</p>
<p>22 Size Distribution Data Analysis and Presentation 479<br /> Gurumurthy Ramachandran and Douglas W. Cooper</p>
<p>PART III APPLICATIONS</p>
<p>23 Nonspherical Particle Measurement: Shape Factor, Fractals, and Fibers 509<br /> Pramod Kulkarni, Paul A. Baron, Christopher M. Sorensen, and Martin Harper</p>
<p>24 Biological Particle Sampling 549<br /> Tiina Reponen, Klaus Willeke, Sergey Grinshpun, and Aino Nevalainen</p>
<p>25 Workplace Aerosol Measurement 571<br /> Jon C. Volkwein, Andrew D. Maynard, and Martin Harper</p>
<p>26 Ambient Aerosol Sampling 591<br /> John G. Watson and Judith C. Chow</p>
<p>27 Indoor Aerosol Exposure Assessment 615<br /> Charles E. Rodes</p>
<p>28 Radioactive Aerosols 635<br /> Mark D. Hoover</p>
<p>29 Measurement of Cloud and Aerosol Particles from Aircraft 655<br /> James C. Wilson and Haflidi Jonsson</p>
<p>30 Satellite–Based Measurement of Atmospheric Aerosols 667<br /> Rudolf B. Husar</p>
<p>31 Atmospheric New Particle Formation: Physical and Chemical Measurements 681<br /> Peter H. McMurry, Chongai Kuang, James N. Smith, Jun Zhao, and Fred Eisele</p>
<p>32 Electrical Classification and Condensation Detection of Sub–3–nm Aerosols 697<br /> Juan Fernandez de la Mora</p>
<p>33 High Temperature Aerosols: Measurement and Deposition of Nanoparticle Films 723<br /> Pratim Biswas and Elijah Thimsen</p>
<p>34 Characterization and Measurement of Atmospheric Large Particles (PM &gt; 10 mm) 739<br /> Kenneth E. Noll and Dhesikan Venkatesan</p>
<p>35 Manufacturing of Materials by Aerosol Processes 751<br /> George Skillas, Arkadi Maisels, Sotiris E. Pratsinis, and Toivo T. Kodas</p>
<p>36 Aerosol Measurements in Cleanrooms 771<br /> David S. Ensor and Anne Marie Dixon</p>
<p>37 Sampling Techniques in Inhalation Toxicology 785<br /> Owen R. Moss</p>
<p>38 Factors Governing Pulmonary Response to Inhaled Particulate Matter 793<br /> Vincent Castranova</p>
<p>39 Measurement of Pharmaceutical and Diagnostic Inhalation Aerosols 805<br /> Anthony J. Hickey and David Swift</p>
<p>APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF TERMS 821</p>
<p>APPENDIX B: CONVERSION FACTORS 831</p>
<p>APPENDIX C: COMMONLY USED CONSTANTS 833</p>
<p>APPENDIX D: SOME PROPERTIES OF AIR AND WATER 835</p>
<p>APPENDIX E: KEY DIMENSIONLESS NUMBERS 837</p>
<p>APPENDIX F: PROPERTIES OF PARTICLES 839</p>
<p>APPENDIX G: GEOMETRIC FORMULAS 841</p>
<p>APPENDIX H: BULK DENSITY OF SOME COMMON AEROSOL MATERIALS 843</p>
<p>APPENDIX I: MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS 845</p>
<p>INDEX 865</p>